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Research Article
Initiative for rare donor registry for A2/A2B subgroups with Rh phenotyping: A first of its kind
1 MD, MBA, Head, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Sri Balaji Action Medical Institute, A-4, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, India
2 MD, Senior Resident, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Sri Balaji Action Medical Institute, A-4, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, India
3 DNB Resident, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Sri Balaji Action Medical Institute, A-4, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, India
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Sadhana Mangwana
Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, Sri Balaji Action Medical Institute, A-4, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi 110063, India; G-17, Pocket-2, Naraina Vihar, New Delhi 110028,
India
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Article ID: 100063Z02SM2021
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Mangwana S, Gohel D, Kumar S. Initiative for rare donor registry for A2/A2B subgroups with Rh phenotyping: A first of its kind. Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol 2021;11:100063Z02SM2021.ABSTRACT
Aims: Aim of this study is to create donor registry of A2/A2B subgroup blood donors with Rh and Kell phenotype, to provide transfusion to multi-transfused A2/A2B subgroup patients and to prevent adverse transfusion reaction due to immunological stimulation by pre-existing anti-A1 antibodies having enhanced titer and thermal amplitude. Prevalence of A2/A2B subgroup in Indian population is rare with highest prevalence of “e” antigen among the five Rh antigens, phenotyped serologically, and “E” antigen being the lowest in prevalence. Anti-A1 antibodies appear as cold agglutinins in A2/A2B individuals and can be clinically significant when reactive at 37 °C, causing hemolysis of A1 RBCs.
Methods: A retrospective data analysis was done in a tertiary care hospital-based blood center at capital city of India from January 2016 to December 2020. All donors were subjected to ABO Rh grouping, Rh and Kell phenotyping by solid phase method. Tube technique was used to distinguish A2/A2B by agglutination reaction with anti-A1 lectin.
Results: Total 40,051 donors were analyzed during study period, of which, A and AB groups constituted 21.26% and 9.01% respectively; out of these, only 0.47% belonged to A2 subgroup while A2B subgroup was more frequent (1.06%). The rarest Rh phenotypes found were R1Rz, r”r, r’r” in A2/A2B blood donors.
Conclusion: There is a need to create rare donor registry for A2/A2B subgroups and clinically significant blood group antigens and share at various levels. This is a first small step to create a rare donor registry of A2/A2B subgroups with Rh and Kell phenotype, to provide transfusion to A2/A2B patients to prevent adverse transfusion reaction due to immunological stimulation by pre-existing anti-A1 antibodies having enhanced titer and thermal amplitude and to ensure improved quality of transfusion therapy.
Keywords: A2 subgroup, Rare donor, Rh phenotype
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions
Sadhana Mangwana - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Analysis of data, Drafting the work, Revising the work critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Dolly Gohel - Conception of the work, Design of the work, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Drafting the work, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Shashi Kumar - Acquisition of data, Revising the work critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published, Agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2021 Sadhana Mangwana et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
